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Khertek Amyrbitovna Anchimaa-Toka (1 January 1912 – 4 November 2008) was a Tuvan/Soviet politician who in 1940-1944 was a chairman of Little Khural (parliament) of Tuvan People's Republic, and the first elected or appointed (i.e., not hereditary) female head of state in the modern worldKhertek Anchimaa was born in what is now Bay-Tayginsky kozhuun of Tuva in a poor peasant family. She lost her father and elder brother due to smallpox when a child. Despite her mother being illiterate, Khertek managed to learn to write and read in Mongolian language, and in 1930, when the first national Tuvan alphabet was introduced, she was one of the first to learn it.
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